Law No. 1 of 2013 on Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) has provided a legal basis for the operational activities of MFIs. The development of Sharia Microfinance Institutions/Baitul Maal wat Tamwil must be followed up with dispute resolution based on sharia principles. The intersection that occurs in the settlement of sharia economic disputes in bankruptcy cases is the mixing of conventional and sharia legal principles, which will cause legal uncertainty, the Court has absolute authority to handle sharia economic law cases. The bankruptcy decision by the Semarang Commercial Court in the BMT Fisabilillah case proves that at the empirical level, sharia economic disputes are decided by the Commercial Court which is formed in the general court environment. This article will analyze the position of BMT after the issuance of the MFI Law, the fall of the bankruptcy decision on BMT Fisabilillah. The research method is normative law by reviewing legal materials related to MFIs, Cooperatives, Bankruptcy and PKPU. The legal vacuum in bankruptcy law for sharia actors should be followed up by complying with the laws and decisions of the Constitutional Court so that bankruptcy disputes for LKMS become the domain of the Religious Courts, this is the main difference between bankruptcy based on positive law in Indonesia and Islamic law. This review of the bankruptcy case of BMT Fisabilillah is to understand that there is a blending in the substance of sharia economic law in the realm of general justice. This situation weakens the absolute authority of the established Religious Courts.
References
Buku
Abdullah bin Abdurrahman Al Bassam. Syarah Bulughul Maram, Jakarta:Pustaka Azzam,2006.
Arsyad, Lincolyn, Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Institusi Kinerja dan Sustainbilitas, Yogyakarta:Andi Publisher, 2008.
Ash- Shiddiqy, Muhammad Najtullah, Kegiatan Ekonomi Dalam Islam, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara,1992.
Efendi, Jaenal, “Mengembangkan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariahâ€, Jurnal Iqtisodia, Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Republika, IPB Bogor, 2010.
Hirfani, Rifda, “Permasalahan SDM Pada Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah LKMS di Indonesiaâ€, https://www.kompasiana.com/rifdahirfani/5df072f2097f3645d81fdb.
Mashuri, “Peran Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT) Dalam Upaya Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat,†https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/314773-peran-baitul-maal-wa-tamwil-bmt-dalam-up-373df635.pdf. p. 114-123.
Miftahul Jannah, “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Nasabah Penyimpan Pada Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariahâ€, Zaaken: Journal of Civil and Bussiness Law, vol. 2, no. 2 (2021).
Muhammad, Lembaga-Lembaga Keuangan Umat Kontemporer, Yogyakarta:UII Press, 2002.
Nurul Huda. Mohamad Heykal, Lembaga Keuangan Islam Tinjauan Teoritis dan Praktis, Jakarta:PT. Fajar Interpratama Mandiri, 2013
Suhendi, Hendi, Fiqih Muamalah, Jakarta:PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2005.
Tita Novitasari, “Peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam Pengawasan Lembaga Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT): Studi Kasus BMT Global Insaniâ€, Jurnal Hukum, 1, 2, (2019).
Usman, Syaikhu, Keuangan Mikro untuk Masyarakat Miskin: Pengalaman Nusa Tenggara Timur,Jakarta: Semeru. 2004
Yunus, Jamal Lulail., Managemen Bank Syariah “ mikroâ€. Malang:UIN Malang Press, 2009.
Internet
https://finansial.bisnis.com/read/20201005/231/1300896/ini-4-tantangan-yang-masih-dihadapi-ekonomi-syariah-di-indonesia, diakses 10 Mei 2020
http://news.unair.ac.id/2019/12/30/lembaga-keuangan-mikro-syariah-survey-data-dari-indonesia/, diakses 30 Desember 2019
http://alhushein.blogspot.com/2012/01/hukum-kepailitan-taflis-dalam-islam.html, dikases Januari 2020.
https://www.kompasiana.com/rifdahirfani/5df072f2097f3645d81fdbe2/permasalahan-sdm-pada-lembaga-keuangan-mikro-syariah-lkms-di-indonesia
https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/iknb/pages/lembaga-keuangan-micro.aspx
https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2021/01/21/1854/hasil-sensus-penduduk-2020.html
https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/09/11/berapa-jumlah-penduduk-perkotaan-di-indonesia
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_di_Indonesia
Peraturan Perundang-Undangan, Peraturan Pemerintah dan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan
Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 Tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang.
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2013 Tentang Lembaga Keuangan Mikro (Undang-Undang LKM).
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 89 Tahun 2014 tentang Suku Bunga Pinjaman Atau Imbal Hasil Pembiayaan dan Luas Cakupan Wilayah Usaha Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
Surat Edaran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (SEOJK), SEOJK Nomor 29/SEOJK.05/2015 tentang Laporan Keuangan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (POJK):POJK Nomor 12/POJK.05/2014 tentang Perizinan Usaha dan Kelembagaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
POJK Nomor 13/POJK.05/2014 tentang Penyelenggaraan Usaha Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
POJK Nomor 14/POJK.05/2014 tentang Pembinaan dan Pengawasan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
POJK Nomor 61/POJK.05/2015 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 12/POJK.05/2014 tentang Perizinan Usaha dan Kelembagaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
POJK Nomor 62/POJK.05/2015 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 13/POJK.05/2014 tentang Penyelenggaraan Usaha Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
